Diet Sodas Harmful Effects Fuhrman
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Open Access Article
Evaluating Attitudes towards Large Carnivores within the Great Bear Rainforest
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Institute for the Environment and Sustainability, Miami University, 250 S. Patterson Avenue, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
2
Oregon Fish and Wildlife Office, United States Fish and Wildlife Service, 2600 SE 98th Avenue, Portland, OR 97266, USA
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Department of Geography, Miami University, 250 S. Patterson Avenue, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
4
Department of Economics and Geosciences, United States Air Force Academy, 2354 Fairchild Drive, Suite 6K-118, Colorado Springs, CO 80840, USA
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Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editors: Eve Bohnett and Li An
Received: 18 October 2021 / Revised: 16 November 2021 / Accepted: 24 November 2021 / Published: 30 November 2021
Abstract
Cohabitation between humans and carnivores is vital to the continued existence and integrity of ecosystems, often playing a large role in the success of large carnivore conservation. We focus on interactions between humans and carnivores in the world's largest, relatively intact temperate rainforest—The Great Bear Rainforest (GBR), British Columbia, Canada. Specifically, we focus on residents of Prince Rupert, a city within the GBR, and examine its residents' ecological and relational attitudes towards the surrounding area of protected rainforest and the large carnivores present in the area. We aim to determine the strength of public attitudes and values of the environment and carnivores in the GBR, and to examine whether they differ between First Nations and non-First Nations residents of Prince Rupert, British Columbia. We conducted 28 semi-structured interviews of Prince Rupert residents. At the start of the interview, respondents self-administered a survey consisting of statements from the Social Ecological Relational Value and the New Ecological Paradigm scales. We find no significant difference between First Nations and non-First Nations respondent attitudes. This is possibly due to three factors: (1) cultural influence from the local First Nations, (2) the fact that these carnivores are important for the local economy through tourism, and (3) a strong sense of place associated with the area and the carnivores that inhabit it regardless of positive or negative encounters with these animals. While we find positive attitudes towards carnivores and little evidence of human–wildlife conflict, feelings towards carnivores encountered in town or while hiking tend to be negative, especially when they involve wolves. In order to mitigate these effects in a way that protects these valuable creatures, respondents overwhelmingly clamored for a conservation officer to be assigned to Prince Rupert. We conclude that policy and management might alleviate human–carnivore conflicts in the area should our results be corroborated by studies with larger sample sizes. View Full-Text
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MDPI and ACS Style
Leveridge, M.C.; Davis, A.Y.; Dumyahn, S.L. Evaluating Attitudes towards Large Carnivores within the Great Bear Rainforest. Sustainability 2021, 13, 13270. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132313270
AMA Style
Leveridge MC, Davis AY, Dumyahn SL. Evaluating Attitudes towards Large Carnivores within the Great Bear Rainforest. Sustainability. 2021; 13(23):13270. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132313270
Chicago/Turabian Style
Leveridge, Max C., Amélie Y. Davis, and Sarah L. Dumyahn 2021. "Evaluating Attitudes towards Large Carnivores within the Great Bear Rainforest" Sustainability 13, no. 23: 13270. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132313270
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Author Biographies
Max C. Leveridge is currently a Fish and Wildlife Biologist and Wildfire GIS Specialist at the Oregon Fish and Wildlife Office with the United States Fish and Wildlife Service. He received his Master of Environmental Science from Miami University's Institute for the Environment and Sustainability in 2019, and this paper is derived from his thesis. He has worked with both the United States National Park Service and the Fish and Wildlife Service since his graduation. Max's professional interests include contributing to research on human–wildlife interactions and conflict prevention, threatened and endangered species conservation, and wildlife sciences.
Amélie Y. Davis is currently serving as a Distinguished Visiting Professor of Geosciences in the Department of Economics and Geosciences at the United States Air Force Academy. She is also an Associate Professor at Miami University, where she holds a dual appointment in the Department of Geography and the Institute for the Environment and Sustainability. She received her Ph.D. from Purdue University in 2009. In 2011–2013, she was a postdoctoral researcher funded by an NSF–U.S. Forest Service Urban Long Term Research Area Exploratory (ULTRA-Ex) grant. From Fall 2009 to Spring 2011, she was a postdoctoral teaching fellow at Furman University. Amélie's professional interests include contributing to research on human–environment interactions from the perspectives of landscape ecology, land change science, environmental planning, and sustainability science. She is a member of the North American chapter of the International Association of Landscape Ecology (NA-IALE), the American Association of Geographers (AAG), the American Geophysical Union (AGU), and the Global Land Programme.
Diet Sodas Harmful Effects Fuhrman
Source: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/23/13270
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